Barrel manufacture



May 16, 1933. H H Y 1,909,405

BARREL MANUFACTURE Filed Sept. 6, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet l I MP A ililwiln 1% I; if 7 V 1 J] g i W r 15 INVENTOR 51 5O 5 Hazen L.Ho yt,

BYHTK A NEY May 16, 1933. H HQYT 1,909,405

BARREL MANUFACTURE Filed Sept. 6, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 26 INVENTOR Haz an L. Hoyt,

AT NEY May 16, 1933. H. L. HOYT 1,909,405

BARREL MANUFACTURE Filed Sept. 6, 1930 v 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig. 5- Fi 7.

May 16, 1933. H. L. HOYT BARREL MANUFACTURE 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Sept. 6, 1930 IIILE INVENTOR 54 Hazen L. Hoyt,

Patented May 16, 1933 TES ' U ITE'S I-IAZE1\T L. new, OFGREA'I NECK, NEW YORK BARREL MANUFACTURE Application filed September 7 This invention relates to the process and ties of fabrication which have previously been inherent in such knocked down containers. y

F g. 1. is a top plan View of one embodiment of an apparatus contemplated by this invention with some partsshown in section. Flg. 2 1s a bottom end new of the dev1ce shown in Fig. v1.

F ig. 3 shows the magazine hopper work carrier for supplying the machine of Figs. 1 and 2. r

Fig. 4 is a left side viewv of the upper end portion of the machine shown? in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a detail partly in section of a modir fied construction for the lower portion of the machine shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 shows the tool.

Fig. 7 is another View of the same tool shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 shows a modified type of tool. Fig. 9 shows a work sheet made by the process and apparatus of this invention.

? Fig. 10 is a section on the line 10-10 of Fig. 9. p r

Fig. 11 shows a modified construction in flexed position.

Fig. 12 is a side view of the tool oscillating '40 cam. H

The process and apparatus of this invention are designed for the production ofsheets 9 of connected stave material such as .those described in my Patent No. 1,775,224, dated .45 September 9, 1930, although itwill be understood such sheets may have straight slots formed between staves, sinusoidal slots as illustrated, a plurality of separate staves may if desired be connected and their edges bevelled with the machine of this invention.

6, 1930. Serial No. 480,121.

The apparatus described is also adapted for formingcontainers of the type shown inmy pending application Ser. No. 461,080, filed June 14, 1930. V

In Fig. 1 theshaft 10 is'driven in any con- 5 venient .manner preferably by an electric motor not shown. Mounted on the shaft 10 is the driving pulley 11 around which passes the belt 12, said belt passing in turn around each of the driving pulleys 13 and 14 of the 0 several tools. As shown in Fig. 2 these pulleys are supported in mountings 15, which. are adjustably secured to the upper stationaryfram'e member 16. As shown in Fig. 2 this frame member is of general H shape provided on each side with undercut slots 17 V in which the mountings are adjustably secured. Extending downwardly from each pulley 13 and 14 is a flexible driving shaft 18 driving at its lower end conical tools 19 sup 0 ported in mountings and themountings in turn pivotally mounted from the supporting arms '20 eachof-which adjustably secured to the lower frame member 21 ina manner similar to the attachment of the mount- 'ings 15. g r ,By controlling the separation between ad jacent pulleys 13 and also between adjacent, supporting arms 20it will be seen that the spacing or separation of the tools 19 may 8 Y be adjusted.

. Passing beneath the tools as shown in Fig. 2is a flexible work carrier 22 made of a number of chain lengths which pass around the driving sprocket 23 on the shaft 24. Said shaft 24 is driven through suitable speed reduction mechanism from the driving shaft 10. V The work to be fed through the machine comprises a number ofsheets ofmaterial and these are preferably stacked'in the mecha- 9 nism comprising four guides 25. This mechanism is located closely adjacent the right side of the machine as shown in Fig. 2. The work carrier is provided with projections 26 which pass under the mechanism and separately extract pieces of work from the bottom of the pile, and feed them throu h the machine. The right end of the wor carrier is shown in Fig. 3 as passing over the sprocket 27 mounted on the shaft 28. 1

As the work is fed through the machine the spaced tools in each row cut slots 29 of the type shown in Fig. 9. Where such slots are straight the tools 19 remain with their axes fixed while for cutting the sinusoidal slots shown in Fi 9 it is necessary to oscillate the axis of each tool 19 about a center which substantially passes through the vertex of the conical tool 19.

Mounted on the driving shaft 10 is a worm engaging the gear .30 for driving the shaft 31 and the cam 32 mounted on said shaft 31. Engaging the cam 32 at the outer end of the bell crank lever arm 33 is a roller 36 maintained in contact with the cam 32 by means of the spring 35 which draws the long arm 33a of the bell crank lever to the left about the rock shaft 34 and therefore keeps the .roller 36 in contact with the cam.

Passing through the free portions of the long arms of the bell crank levers are pivots or cross pieces .37 for pivotally securing con necting rods 38 and 39 to said long lever arms. These rods are shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 5 as passing through the machine and connected to a number of arms 41 by the set screws 40 in order that the reciprocation of these connecting rods may oscillate the arms 41 about the pivot pins 42 and so swing each tool about an axis through the pivot pin 42 14, thence through the flexible shaft 18 through the ball bearing mountings 53 of the tools 19, thence into the pockets shown from which oil passages 54 lead to a discharge chamber 52 and from chamber 52 the oil goes to a sump from which it passes back into a pump and thence into the supply pipe after being filtered if desired.

In Fig. 5 are shown work holders or pressure feet of slightly different construction from those shown in Fig. 2 since they are all mounted from a pipe 56, provided with a stationary ear 55 and a movable car 57 which cooperates with a spring 58 for keeping the work holders 46 and 46a clamped against the material being cut.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 as the work is discharged by the carrier 22 it falls onto another carrier 59 moving in a direction substantially normal to the direction of the first carrier. The second carrier 59 like the first comprises two chains 59 passing over an idler sprocket 60 mounted on an idler shaft 61. At the other end of the carrier 59 is a shaft 62 on which are mounted driving sprockets not shown but driven from the shaft 31 by the interposition of the bevelled reducing gears 63 and 64. Also mounted on the shaft 62 is the large gear 65 driving the cooperating gear 66 on the same shaft with the cam which will be seen to be in substantial aline- 67 ment with the apex of the conical tool 19, see also Fig. 5. The pivots 42 about which v each tool axis is rocked is contained within 35' a bearing 43. The vertex or point of each cone tool is shown in Figs. 2 and 5 by the numeral44. In Fig. 2 is shown an outer casing 45 extending all around the tools and machine for the purpose of reducing dust,

flying chips, etc., since these tools are operated at a very high rate of speed. For press ing the work against the work support as the carrier moves it through the machine thereare provided a number of spring presthe work table and the Work mounted over these slotsfor engagement with a projection 26 so that the work may be fed through the machine. Since the tools 19 have in practice been rotated at about 10,000 R. P. M., it has been found desirable to use some means for keeping the chips and flying dust particles and the like free of the tool 19.

Therefore each tool is provided with an air jet 48 or 49 supplied from the compressed air chamber 47 connected to an air compressor not shown and being under sufficient pressure to blow out any chips or other particles that tend to form under the tools. An oil pipe 50 shown in Fig. 2 leads from a pump not illustrated to the passages 51 and thence down through the bearings of pulleys 13 and As shown in Fig. 4 a roller 68 is mounted on the long lower arm of the bell crank lever 69 and held in engagement with the cam by means of the spring illustrated. Said bell crank lever is pivoted at 70 and carries on the outer end of its short arm 71 a pair of dados or circular saws 7 2 each keyed onto the shaft 73 and driven from the pulley 74 or from an individual electric motor. The raising and lowering of the saws 72 is "in timed relation to the travel of the work withthe carrier 59 and is for the purpose of cutting crozc slots in each end of the work sheet which are preferably of non-uniform depth and of greatest depth about the center of each stave. As described before the work carrier 59 is either supported on rollers or passes through slots in a stationary work support so that any intermittent downward thrust as for example that due to the saws 7 2, does not change the elevation of the work sheet. After being passed under the saws 72 the sheets are discharged preferably in a piled stack or magazine ready for any addi tional operations by hand or automatically.

In Fig. 6 is shown a conical tool 19 provided with a flat portion 7 5 having each'of its tapered edges 7 6 and 77 capable of functioning as a scraping tool. The tip or point of the tool is preferably flattened at 7 8 as indicated so that the bottom of the slot formed by the tool is substantially flat. On the conical tool surface is provided an inclined groove 79 to assist in carrying loosened particles of material out of the slot toavoid having them jammed. The air blast assists also in keeping the slot free of chips, dust particles and the like which might clog up and impede progress of the tool.

Due to the tool having a point or lower edge which has a linear speed much slower than the raised tool it is necessary to operate the tool at a high peripheral speed in order to avoid breaking off the lower end or tip of the cone tool. Also because the tip of the tool is so narrow it has not been found convenient to make the edges 76 and 77 adapted for cutting but instead they function as scraping tools having their surfaces substantially normal instead of at a small enough angle to be adapted for a cutting operation. In Fig. 8 the cone tool 19a is provided with a bulbous portion 80 which is adapted to form seats for a reinforcing wire 86' such as that shown in Fig. 11 and in my co-pending application above referred to for the purpose of rein forcing the staves against thrusts substantially normal to their surface. The slots provided with the reinforcing wires 86 may be either straight or sinusoidal or other convenient shape.

In Fig. 11 is will be seen that the staves 81 are integrally connected by a thin strip of material which is adapted to receive localized flexure incident to bending the sheet around a barrel head. The crozeslots 82 cut by the saws 72 are shown in Fig. 9. As previously described the bottom of the slot formed by the cutting tools of Figs. 6 to 8 inclusive are substantialy flattened at 83. Having the bottom of the slot of appreciable width is of advantage in lengthening the material sub jected to flexure. In Fig. 10 the diverging Walls 84 of the slot are shown in the full line position on the line 1010 of Fig. 9 while the lines 85 illustrate the position of the slot walls when the tool 19 has been oscillated to its other extreme position.

Due to the speed of operation for the tools 19 it is desirable for the flexible shafts 18 to oscillate with substantially no change in shape or length and this is possible when it is considered from Fig. 2 that each end of the shaft oscillates about an axis through that end so that the shape and length of the flexible shaft need not change nor need its alinement be varied.

By cutting a large number of stave forming slots simultaneously the flexure on each strip of thin connecting material between staves is reduced to such a small amount that when the staves are of woo-d for example the sheet may be flexed without the necessity of chemical or moisture or heat treatment of the sheet to vary its natural flexure. Also after a container has been used and it is desirable to use it over again it will be a simple matter to open up the sheets 9 to a position for shipment flat Without danger of breaking the thin connecting portions tween the staves.

I claim:

1. In the process of making a barrel, the

step of providing stave forming slots between connected staves in a sheet of material which comprises rotating 'a tapered tool about its axis, producing relative travel be- 2. The processof forming a slot in a sheet of material which comprises rotating a tapered tool, producing relative travel between said tool and sheet of material, and shifting the tool axis laterally during said relative travel. 7

3. The process of forminga slot in a sheet of material which comprises rotating a tapered tool, producing relative travel between said tool and sheet of material, and oscillating the tool axis laterally of and in timed relation to said relativetravel.

4. The process of forming a slot in a sheet of material which comprises rotating a tapered tool, producing relative travel between said tool and sheet of material, and shifting the tool axis laterally of said relative travel and about a point adjacent the vertex of the tool taper as center during said relative travel. I

5. The process of forming a slot in a sheet of material which comprises rotating a tapered tool, producing relative travel between said tool and sheet of material, and shifting the tool axis laterally about a point adj-acent the Vertex of the tool taper during said relative travel to provide a substantially sinu soidal slot of generally V shaped cross section with a substantially straight bottom to said slot.

6. The process of forming interlocking bevelled edges on adjacent staves which comprises shifting the axis of a tapered rotary cutter laterally with relative movement between the'st-aves and cutter.

7. The combination with a rotary tapered tool, of a work holder for cooperation with said tool, means for producing relative movement between said tool and work holder, means for driving said tool at a high speed, and means for moving the tool axis in tmed relation to the relative movement between said tool and work holder and about a point within the work adjacent the vertex of the tool taper. I

8. A barrel machine provided with means for simultaneously bevelling all the side edges of staves having longitudinal thrust receiving interlocking projections on both side edges of the staves on one passage of the work through the machine.

9. The combination with a rotary tapered tool, of a work holder for cooperation with said tool, means for producing relative movement between said tool and work holder, and means for driving said tool at a high speed which comprises a flexible driving shaft of substantially constant shape, means for shifting the tool axis laterally in timed relation to the relative movement between the Work holder and tool.

10. The process of forming a slot having diverging walls, which comprises rotating and laterally tilting a conical tool and its axis with relative translation between the tool and work.

11. The process of forming a slot with diverging walls in a sheet of material which comprises relatively translating the sheet of material and a conical tool having a fiattened tip simultaneously with axial rotation thereof accompanied by lateral shifting of the tool axis about a point Within the work 1 adjacent the vertex of the tool.

12. The process of producing a barrel at high speed which comprises relatively passing a sheet of material beneath a. plurality of conical rotatable cutters and laterally shifting the axis of the cutters with relative movement of the sheet to form a series of connected staves having bevelled edges of a shape to provide longitudinal thrust receiving interlocking projections on both stave I edges, and then relatively moving said sheet of material with respect to a croze cutter at an angle to sald first relative movement and simultaneous with the contmuous relative movement of the sheet under the croze cute ter, moving the croze cutter toward and from the sheet to provide a croze in each stave of non-uniform depth Without interrupting the feed of the work sheet toward the croze cutter in successive staves.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 29th day of August A. D. 1930.

HAZEN L. HOYT. 

